Product News | October 11, 2021

The shift towards audience-based DOOH buys

There’s a global shift happening in the way that digital out-of-home (DOOH) is being bought and traded. What was once a standalone medium planned by specialists is quickly becoming a staple in media plans for every type of buyer. With this shift comes a different perspective on the medium, like how it will be shaped moving forward and how advertisers are planning and executing their campaigns.

One of the most important factors in this shift is the move towards audience-based buys. For many advertisers, audience-based buying is already an integral part of of their digital strategies, with personalized, data-driven ads being delivered online and via Connected TV (CTV) channels. Delivering the same kind of hyper-targeted ads has previously been a challenge in the OOH industry, which has traditionally been regarded as lacklustre in terms of measurement and audience insights. New technologies, like geofencing and device ID tracking, however, are providing marketers with access to this information, resulting in a whole new wave of engagement insights. After all, OOH isn’t about the size of the screens or the splashiness of the ads, it’s about the audiences.

Audience-based buying

Audience-based buying allows advertisers to run ads based on specific audience characteristics, buying patterns, or behavioural trends, enabling targeted campaigns that run in a more ‘real-time’ sense than ever before. Traditionally, OOH would need to be bought in networks, cities, or set time frames, with advertisers trying to reach as many people as possible within these networks. Thanks to audience-based buying, there’s now a new level of freedom for buyers to curate campaigns more true to the audience they’re trying to target.

The rise in programmatic trading gives planners the opportunity to focus on true audience-based buys, and thanks to advancing tech from DSPs, SSPs, and audience data providers, all of this can take place through a single platform – trading across formats, markets and publishers utilizing unified data sets.

Less about formats, more about data

OOH has long been a medium that places weight on the ‘premium’ nature of screens and formats, with each format being bought for what it brings to the equation. If you want frequency, for example, you’ll likely purchase a high foot traffic medium like street furniture or transit. If you want impact, you’re buying up key large-format sites. If you’re looking for context, place-based media comes into the mix.

But with the advancements of programmatic trading, including the incorporation of more sophisticated targeting, triggers and audience data, factors like screen size or publisher are becoming less relevant compared to what this more intelligent level of trading can offer buyers.

Audience-based buying helps advertisers target buyer segments based on behavioural patterns

By using data sources integrated into DSP and SSP platforms, buyers can curate campaigns that are more focussed on the consumer journey rather than aligning with the locations of a particular publisher or format. Not only can you select your screens on an individual level based on the audience category associated with each venue type, but you can also get more granular in your approach in terms of timing – often down to the hour. This is giving buyers the ability to follow their audiences as they go about their day-to-day lives, providing multiple touchpoints that react in real-time to any changes in traffic flow or behaviour-altering events, like the weather.

The death of the cookie also presents the need for advertisers to seek out new sources of audience insights, like contextual information. In today’s landscape, they must dive deeper into who their audience is, and more importantly, what their behavioural patterns look like. With this information, they can ensure they’re delivering the most contextual and relevant ads that connect with consumers based on their tendencies.

The importance of mobile data

Thanks to mobile data, advertisers can target venues with the highest concentration of their desired audiences. This works by gathering data from the mobile devices in proximity to a point of interest, allowing advertisers to measure factors like demographics and interests to create buyer personas.

First, mobile data is collected from smartphones once audiences have entered the boundaries of a specified location. Types of data collected include device IDs, languages, app IDs, age, gender, and more. From there, advertisers can gain a better understanding of what their desired groups look like based on factors like age, income, life stage, or intent, for example. By knowing who their audience is and what exactly they’re looking for, buyer personas can be created that go beyond demographics to include segments based on interests – like pet owners, movie buffs, or new parents. These personas can then be mapped out across OOH venue types, so advertisers know exactly who is passing by these locations and can deliver targeted ads to the right people at the right time.

Cross-channel targeting

It’s been well established that targeting audiences across different channels, both real-world and digital, yields better results than reaching them through a single channel. By running ads that focus on audiences rather than locations, advertisers can gain insights that allow them to continuously retarget consumers across entire omnichannel campaigns. For example, gym enthusiasts who frequent a training facility can be served digital ads for a brand of protein powder later in the day via their mobile devices. By identifying patterns of behaviours along with mobile ID tracking to determine who’s viewed an OOH ad, marketers can deploy precise ads that perfectly complement other channels.

There’s no doubt that this shift in buying is allowing marketers to engage with desired audiences in a highly-targeted way while positioning DOOH as a medium that can be incorporated into omnichannel campaigns. It also represents an entirely new value proposition for the medium that will inevitably lead to more investment in the industry. With audience-based buying, advertisers can get their message across to the right people while ensuring audiences are only exposed to the ads they want to see – a true win for everybody.

If you and your team are ready to level up your programmatic DOOH knowledge ahead of another record year for the channel, you can use this link for a 15% discount on doohx’s foundational PDOOH 101 certification course.
Already a Broadsign customer? Contact your account manager for more information.

Product News | October 11, 2021

Understanding (D)OOH metrics: How to measure the success of out-of-home advertising

Understanding the right metrics can make or break your strategy when managing any advertising campaign—and digital out-of-home (DOOH) is no different. Thanks to evolving out-of-home (OOH) measurement and attribution capabilities, successful DOOH advertising now goes beyond displaying an ad on a digital billboard; it’s about reaching the right audience at the right moment with measurable impact. In today’s advertising landscape, where every dollar must show results, relying on outdated methods to track impressions and reach won’t cut it.

In this blog, we’ll break down the key metrics that define DOOH advertising and explain how they stand apart from other forms of digital advertising. Whether you’re a seasoned marketer or new to out-of-home advertising, understanding these metrics is crucial to leveraging DOOH effectively in your marketing strategy.

Jump to:

How digital technology transformed out-of-home ad measurement
Key DOOH performance metrics
Leveraging pDOOH for successful campaign targeting

How digital technology transformed out-of-home ad measurement

Tracking OOH impressions used to be tricky due to its broad, one-to-many nature. For example, measuring how many people pass a billboard is more complex than tracking views on an online ad. But with digital OOH, that’s changing.

Unlike static OOH, which relied on broad reach estimates, DOOH uses technology like in-screen sensors, mobile tracking, and geolocation to provide more accurate audience insights. Advertisers can now track who’s viewing ads, when, and even actions like visiting a store or website. Programmatic DOOH (pDOOH) has further transformed the space, allowing automated ad buying and detailed performance reports. This level of tracking and attribution brings DOOH closer to the precision of online advertising, making it a key part of today’s marketing strategy.

READ ALSO: Learn how media buyers can account for the growing demand for this format within their existing teams with our tips on structuring your buying team for success with pDOOH

A busy street with different kinds of digital signage and DOOH installations. Metrics research can help the network owners understand their audiences. — DOOH metrics can be researched and tracked in a number of different ways

DOOH advertising performance metrics

Like any form of advertising, digital OOH has certain quantifiable data points — metrics —that advertisers and media buyers rely on to assess the performance of their campaigns. These metrics help determine whether an ad is reaching its target audience, whether it’s generating the right amount of exposure, and how well it’s driving engagement or conversions.

Some of the most common metrics used to measure DOOH performance include:

Impressions

Definition: The total number of times an ad has potentially been viewed.
How it’s calculated: Impressions are typically calculated using traffic data, sensor-based tracking, or audience measurement technologies (like GPS data or facial recognition software). For example, if 100,000 vehicles pass by a digital billboard each day, and each vehicle has an average of 1.5 occupants, then the number of impressions per day would be approximately 150,000.

The most important metric in digital out-of-home is the number of impressions that a screen gets over a given time period. Impressions help measure performance by estimating the number of times people view an advertisement, and they often determine how much an ad will cost. However, determining how many impressions a screen gets is a little tricky.

With online advertising, one appearance of an ad on one screen is likely to reach one person. But since out-of-home is a one-to-many medium, with several people likely to be looking at a screen at any given moment, media owners apply an impression multiplier to each ad play on every individual screen.

Determining these dynamic multipliers requires real-time (or relatively real-time) data collection. Different networks rely on different tools to gather this data. Cinemas, for instance, can use ticket sales to get a good idea of how many people see a given ad up on the screen. Other businesses might use cameras and sensors integrated with a DOOH analytics platform like Quividi or Linkett to collect view data on an ongoing basis. Still, others might use an independent third-party research firm like Geopath or Nielsen to conduct a statistical analysis of the likely views that a screen will get.

Reach & frequency

Definitions: Reach measures how many unique people are exposed to your ad, while frequency indicates how often those people see it over a given period.
How they’re calculated:
- Reach estimates the unique viewers from total impressions by distinguishing repeat views from new ones. For example, if an ad location has 500,000 unique passersby in a week, the reach is 500,000.
- Frequency is calculated by dividing total impressions by reach. For example, if an ad has 1,000,000 impressions and reaches 250,000 unique people, the frequency would be 4 (1,000,000 ÷ 250,000).

Reach and frequency, both based on impressions, capture different aspects of a campaign’s effectiveness. They help advertisers balance exposure: too few views risk low recall, while too many can lead to ad fatigue.

Engagement

Definition: The level of interaction or attention that the audience has with the ad, often measured by actions like QR code scans, taps on a touchscreen, or other measurable forms of interaction.
How it’s calculated: Engagement can be tracked using various tools like sensors, cameras, or interaction points (e.g., mobile apps or touch screens). For example, if 500 people scan a QR code from a digital display out of 50,000 impressions, the engagement rate would be 1% (500 ÷ 50,000).

DOOH can feature interactive elements like QR codes, touch screens, or mobile app integrations that invite viewers to engage with the content directly. This precise tracking gives a clear understanding of the ad’s ability to capture attention and drive meaningful engagement from the audience.

READ ALSO: Learn how brands and advertisers can create interactive consumer experiences through the use of dynamic QR codes

Conversion rate

Definition: The percentage of individuals who take a desired action after viewing the ad, such as making a purchase, signing up for a service, or downloading an app.
How it’s calculated: Conversion rate is typically calculated by dividing the number of conversions (e.g., purchases or sign-ups) by the total number of interactions or impressions. For example, if 200 people make a purchase after seeing the ad out of 500,000 impressions, the conversion rate would be 0.4% (200 ÷ 50,000).

Today’s diverse data sources and analytics tools allow advertisers to precisely track post-exposure behaviors, accurately attribute conversions, and better assess campaign success.

Attribution strategies depend on campaign goals. For brand awareness, metrics like increased branded searches, social media followers, direct website traffic, or physical store visits can indicate success. For greater accuracy, device IDs can track actions: if someone searches for a brand shortly after passing a DOOH ad, that search can likely be attributed to the ad exposure.

A woman holding a tablet. On the tablet's screen are charts and figures relating to finances. Reviewing data in this way is an important method of determining DOOH campaign effectiveness. — Comparing sales before and after a campaign is a common method of determining DOOH campaign success

READ MORE: Learn all about brand lift studies, tracking pixels, and other types of DOOH attribution available to today’s marketers in our in-depth guide to measurement, attribution, and audience extension

Leveraging pDOOH for successful campaign targeting

While impressions and conversion rates are key for assessing campaign success, programmatic DOOH offers advanced metrics that give deeper insights into audience behavior and real-time engagement. Here are some pDOOH-enabled metrics that elevate omnichannel campaign measurement:

Dynamic Creative Optimization (DCO) metrics

One key benefit of pDOOH is Dynamic Creative Optimization (DCO), which adjusts DOOH creatives in real-time based on factors like weather, time of day, audience profiles, or nearby events. DCO allows advertisers to customize ad elements (images, text, offers, CTAs) to match user preferences. For example, a QSR might display various menu items, adjusting in real-time based on demographics, browsing history, and environmental data such as location or weather.

Effective DCO requires ongoing measurement using metrics that track general DOOH performance (dwell time, impressions, interaction rate) and specific DCO impact. These metrics show how engagement or conversion rates change with factors like weather, local events, or foot traffic.

Key performance indicators for DCO in DOOH campaigns include:

Creative variants CTR: Measures interaction, like QR code responses, for different versions.
Engagement with creative elements: Tracks which elements resonate most (e.g., weather-based messaging).
Creative rotation effectiveness: Compares performance across different times or conditions.
Weather, time, and location relevance: Assesses engagement based on real-time factors.

Cross-channel conversion metrics

Advanced data analytics in pDOOH connect offline and online interactions, providing a complete view of the consumer journey. Using device ID matching and geo-fencing, advertisers track DOOH ad impact on website visits, app downloads, social media engagement, and store visits, measuring how exposure drives cross-channel actions.

Key metrics highlighting the cross-channel impact of DOOH include:

Walk-in rate: Measures the percentage of people who visit a location after seeing a DOOH ad, often tracked via mobile location data or GPS.
Online conversion rate: Calculates the percentage of website visitors who convert (e.g., sign up, purchase) after seeing a DOOH ad.
Cross-device conversions: Tracks conversions on other devices after DOOH exposure, using multi-device tracking.
Social media interaction rate: Measures increased social media activity (e.g., likes, shares, follows) from DOOH exposure, often tracked with geo-fencing.
Multi-touchpoint conversion attribution: Assigns conversion credit to DOOH within a larger multi-channel strategy, showing its role in cross-channel journeys.

See how real-time measurement improves pDOOH ROI

Check out our collection of case studies & customer spotlights to find real-world examples of pDOOH-enabled metrics in action!

Product News | October 11, 2021

New York City is this holiday season’s ultimate shopping destination – here’s how to make the most of it with out-of-home advertising

New York City is a premier holiday shopping destination, attracting millions of tourists and locals to its festive storefronts, holiday markets, Broadway shows, and iconic shopping districts. Each year, the city’s lively streets fill with brands and advertisers eager to capture the attention of shoppers looking for deals, gifts, and memorable seasonal experiences.

Last year, New York City welcomed over 6.5 million visitors between Thanksgiving and New Year’s Eve and is now gearing up for another bustling holiday season. This influx reflects the city’s continued tourism rebound, with annual visitor numbers projected to reach over 65 million—nearly back to pre-pandemic levels. Residents are also ready to join the festivities, flocking to major retail areas like Fifth Avenue, SoHo, and Herald Square to find special holiday deals. The influx of tourists and locals makes NYC an ideal spot for holiday campaigns, providing brands with countless opportunities to engage shoppers during the most wonderful—and busiest—time of year.

Why New York City is a prime location for your holiday retail campaign

For brands and advertisers, the holiday season provides a unique opportunity to capture shoppers’ attention amidst a backdrop of festive energy, heavy foot traffic, and elevated consumer excitement. The density of visitors and locals exploring the city’s popular spots makes billboard and out-of-home (OOH) advertising in New York City particularly impactful, especially when strategically placed to reach audiences in high-traffic areas.

Iconic locations like Fifth Avenue and Times Square are among the top destinations for holiday shoppers, drawing millions each season. However, other hotspots like Chelsea Market, Hudson Yards, and high-traffic hubs like Penn Station also offer prime visibility and audience engagement opportunities. Whether it’s vibrant digital billboards, urban panels, or transit ads on the city’s 36 subway lines and 470 stations, well-placed OOH advertising creates a seamless journey that moves shoppers from awareness to action.

Iconic shopping locations like Fifth Avenue and Times Square are top destinations for holiday visiors.

Beyond visitors, the city’s population also offers a desirable demographic for advertisers. With a mean household income approaching $115,000 and a median income of nearly $77,000, NYC residents have considerable purchasing power. Nearly 65% of the population holds white-collar jobs, and over half of the city’s residents are women—who drive almost 80% of consumer spending in the U.S., according to Capital One Shopping. This affluent and influential audience, combined with the surge of holiday tourists, makes NYC a prime location for brands aiming to maximize visibility and conversions during the holiday season.

Leverage different DOOH formats to drive foot traffic, sales, and consideration

Despite the rise in online shopping, in-store experiences remain central to the holiday season. Over 121.4 million shoppers visited physical stores last Black Friday weekend, highlighting the ongoing importance of brick-and-mortar retail during the holidays. This year, roughly 74% of U.S. consumers plan to shop in stores for gifts, according to eMarketer.

With a wide variety of OOH venue types across New York City—from shopping centers and transit hubs to entertainment districts—brands have countless opportunities to drive foot traffic in-store and amplify holiday campaigns. And thanks to programmatic DOOH (pDOOH) advancements, advertisers can run creatives to target specific shopping areas or seasonal needs based on factors like location, time of day, weather conditions, and more. Real-time performance tracking and enhanced attribution also provide valuable insights, allowing advertisers to adjust campaigns on the fly and connect ads to in-store visits, driving higher conversions.

Urban panels, digital billboards, and street-level displays are ideal for catching shoppers’ attention in high-foot-traffic areas near popular shopping districts. Positioned close to retail locations, these ads can serve as timely, contextual reminders that encourage shoppers to stop in or revisit nearby stores. Strategically placed to tap into the holiday hustle, they bring added value with digital capabilities that allow real-time updates—whether it’s highlighting flash sales, limited-time offers, or holiday countdowns to create urgency. Retailers can also personalize messages with festive themes, tailoring content to draw in nearby shoppers and guide them straight to the store.

DOOH ad displayed on a LinkNYC urban panel near a luxury retail location.

New York City’s extensive transit network offers a wide range of OOH advertising opportunities across subway platforms, buses, taxis, and trains, making it easy to connect with commuters and tourists as they head to major shopping areas. With the addition of QR codes or SMS calls-to-action, brands can further engage viewers by offering exclusive holiday deals or guiding them to nearby locations, boosting the likelihood of an in-store visit.

Ferries into the city also offer prime exposure for advertisers, with OOH displays strategically placed throughout the vessels and terminals. These high-dwell environments engage commuters from all directions as they approach NYC, making a memorable impression right from their arrival. With steady foot traffic and a captivated audience, ferry terminals and onboard displays are ideal for reaching a diverse range of potential customers right at a key entry point into the heart of NYC.

Amplify omnichannel retail campaigns with physical ads

Integrating OOH with digital channels like social media, CTV, and display creates a seamless brand experience across touchpoints. Ads with QR codes or SMS prompts make it easy for shoppers to engage with a brand instantly, allowing them to “see it on a billboard, buy it online,” which boosts brand engagement and drives both in-store and online conversions. These tools can also provide valuable data on foot traffic, website visits, and conversions tied to OOH exposure, demonstrating its effectiveness in a broader omnichannel strategy.

Mobile retargeting adds extra power to an omnichannel strategy by allowing brands to reconnect with audiences online after capturing their attention in the physical world. For example, a shopper walking through SoHo might spot a digital panel promoting a holiday sale at a popular clothing brand. Later, as they check social media or search online, they see ads for the same brand showcasing exclusive discounts or holiday gift ideas. This follow-up keeps the brand in mind, encouraging them to either visit the brand’s website or stop by a nearby store to shop.

A study by the OAAA and Harris Poll supports this, revealing that 30% of consumers have recently noticed OOH ads giving directions to businesses, and, of those, 51% went on to visit the advertised location. Additionally, 74% of mobile users engaged online after seeing DOOH ads, through searches (44%), website visits (38%), or social media interaction (30%). This cohesive follow-up helps brands stay connected across channels and boosts conversions, especially during high-impact times like the holiday season, when mobile e-commerce drives more than half of online sales.

Programmatic DOOH campaigns in action

Fashion and lifestyle retailer Holt Renfrew sought to increase brand consideration and drive consumers to its stores in major cities. To achieve this, they launched a programmatic DOOH campaign with screens placed in high-traffic locations near select stores, including billboards, bus shelters, and more. Combined with digital channels, the DOOH ads delivered outstanding results, generating over 400,000 store visits and a 500% lift in intent to take action.

Similarly, global alcohol brand White Claw used a pDOOH campaign to promote its latest Vodka launch across major U.S. cities, including New York. Ads appeared near bars and liquor stores carrying the product, using a mix of urban panels, billboards, taxi toppers, and in-car screens to reach consumers at prime locations. The campaign was a success, with 1 in 3 people who recalled the ad expressing they would “absolutely” try White Claw’s new spirit.

Premier luggage brand Samsonite also leveraged programmatic DOOH, activating over 300 screens across New York City to boost brand awareness and consideration for its high-quality luggage. By targeting high-traffic areas like office buildings, malls, and residential complexes, Samsonite extended its omnichannel strategy into the physical world, resulting in a 53% lift in purchase consideration and 37% positive recall and brand attribution across the city.

Ask us how to get a free brand lift or footfall study with your OOH buy. Talk to a media specialist today.

Samsonite’s programmatic DOOH campaign featured urban panel displays across New York City.

NYC’s dynamic holiday season is the ideal setting for impactful OOH campaigns that put brands in front of engaged, ready-to-shop audiences. From high-traffic retail zones to popular holiday events, OOH advertising reaches people in the heart of the action, sparking interest and encouraging in-store visits and online engagement. Paired with digital tactics like mobile retargeting, OOH ads in NYC offer a powerful way to connect with shoppers at just the right moment, driving visibility and sales during one of the year’s biggest retail opportunities.

Ready to launch your holiday retail campaign? Explore OOH inventory in New York City.

Product News | October 11, 2021

Attribution in DOOH advertising: Your questions answered

Attribution is a powerful tool for marketers, but when it comes to digital out-of-home (DOOH) advertising, it’s often misunderstood and underestimated. While some advertisers believe DOOH is difficult to measure, advancements in attribution have made it easier than ever to track campaign impact.

To demystify the process and offer practical insights, we sat down with Ryan Pogy, Director of Data Partnerships at Broadsign, to answer some of the most common questions about measuring DOOH effectiveness.

What are the main challenges in DOOH attribution, and how can advertisers overcome them?

One of the unique strengths of DOOH is the variety of ways in which a message can reach an audience, which calls for a more nuanced approach to measurement.

One of the main challenges we face is the fragmentation of DOOH media owners. Each network has its own standards and measurement methods, which makes it difficult to have a unified view of campaign performance across different environments. Another challenge is privacy compliance, particularly in regions governed by laws like GDPR. Advertisers need to ensure they’re using data responsibly and adhering to regulations.

To overcome these challenges, leveraging unified global measurement platforms is key. This is where working with the right data partners becomes crucial—partners who specialize in pulling data together from disparate sources, all while ensuring compliance with privacy laws.

What strategies are most effective for measuring DOOH performance?

There are several strategies that advertisers can employ to measure the effectiveness of their DOOH campaigns, depending on their goals. But I’ll touch on the three most popular:

Brand Lift Studies: This study measures the impact of your campaign on brand metrics like brand image, preference and consideration.
Foot Traffic Analysis: Mobile location data can be used to track the number of people who visit a store after seeing a DOOH ad. These studies are particularly useful for retail campaigns aiming to drive in-store customers.
Web & App Lift Studies: These studies track online actions like website visits, sign-ups, or app downloads that happen after someone is exposed to a DOOH ad.

Some advertisers prefer to combine these methods to get a more comprehensive view of their campaign performance and better optimize their strategies for future campaigns. For example, we ran a campaign with Holt Renfrew, which combined a brand lift study and a foot traffic study. The results covered everything from top-funnel metrics like a 600% uplift in brand preference to successfully driving 400k store visits.

How can insights from Brand Lift Studies be used to optimize future campaigns?

Brand Lift Studies provide invaluable insights into how your campaign impacts brand metrics like awareness, consideration, and preference. They allow advertisers to quantify the impact of their campaigns and understand what messaging resonates with their target audience.

One of the main benefits is the ability to benchmark your performance. You can compare your results against averages in your industry and use that data to adjust your strategy for future campaigns. For example, if a particular message drove higher brand consideration, you might want to double down on that type of creative for the next campaign. Advertisers with global campaigns may also run a brand lift study in each of the markets where the campaign ran to glean market-specific insights and build their own internal benchmarks.

“Attribution is an evolving field, and staying informed about new tools and methodologies is crucial for staying competitive in today’s market. The more we innovate in DOOH measurement, the better we can justify media spend and optimize campaign performance.”
Ryan Pogy, Director of Data Partnerships at Broadsign

When measuring DOOH as part of an omnichannel campaign, how can advertisers bridge the gap between offline and online media?

Even though out-of-home (OOH) advertising takes place in the physical world, the gap between offline and online channels can be bridged by leveraging location-based play log data, which tracks when and where ads are displayed to create a detailed log of ad exposure. This data can be further enriched by integrating mobile exposure data, allowing for tracking of mobile devices that come into contact with DOOH ads. Such integration links an ad’s offline display with the digital behaviors of consumers, providing insights into how DOOH influences actions like website visits, app downloads, and even in-store visits.

By combining these offline and online data sources, advertisers can achieve a level of measurement granularity comparable to digital media, allowing them to measure and validate the impact of DOOH with the same confidence they expect from channels like social media or display ads. This approach makes DOOH attribution and optimization more actionable and data-driven.

How can device ID passbacks enhance attribution for DOOH campaigns?

Device ID passback is a powerful tool for enhancing attribution in DOOH. It allows advertisers to link ad exposure to specific customer actions, providing deeper insights into how audiences interact with ads.

Here’s how it works: device IDs are captured when mobile devices come within a specific range of DOOH ads. These IDs are then passed back to your other digital platforms, allowing for retargeting across online channels like social media or apps.

This method offers several benefits. It provides deeper insights into audience behaviour, enabling more precise retargeting and improving overall campaign performance. Passbacks also allow for more accurate cross-channel attribution, helping advertisers understand how DOOH exposure drives online and offline conversions.

What are common pitfalls to avoid when implementing DOOH attribution strategies?

A common pitfall in DOOH attribution is relying on poor-quality data. Not all data sources are created equal, so it’s essential to work with trusted partners who can deliver accurate, reliable data. While data capabilities in DOOH have come a long way, the effectiveness of attribution depends on the quality of the data used.

Another key factor is achieving a consistent, comprehensive view of campaign timing and venue logistics. Effective DOOH attribution requires tools that can adapt to the unique characteristics of different venue types, from large-format displays like billboards to smaller screens in office buildings or residential spaces. The volume and density of signals vary across locations, so it’s important to select tools that can adjust for these variations to ensure accurate, actionable insights.

Finally, many advertisers make the mistake of not acting on the insights gained from attribution studies. Data is only useful if it leads to action. I’ve seen campaigns that initially struggled because the advertiser didn’t adjust based on early attribution data. Once they adapted their strategy, their results improved significantly.

DOOH attribution has advanced significantly, offering advertisers the tools to confidently track and optimize campaign performance across the customer journey. Whether you’re building brand awareness with brand lift studies, driving foot traffic, or boosting conversions with device ID passbacks, aligning your attribution methods with your specific goals is key. As Ryan emphasized, understanding the impact of your DOOH efforts is crucial for making data-driven decisions and refining your strategy in real-time. With the right measurement solutions, advertisers can unlock deeper insights and achieve better results with their DOOH campaigns.

For a deeper dive into DOOH attribution, check out our guide here!

Product News | October 11, 2021

DOOH impression multiplier: What it is and how it enhances digital out-of-home ad measurement

If you’ve ever bought digital advertising, you’re probably familiar with measuring campaign success through clicks, conversions, and digital impressions. But when it comes to digital out-of-home (DOOH) media, the game changes. Measuring audience reach in this space isn’t as straightforward as it is in the rest of the digital world — as a one-to-many medium, not only does one play equal multiple impressions, but the amount of impressions usually differs depending on the hour, day, and any number of other environmental factors.

That’s where the impression multiplier comes in. This key concept helps advertisers understand not only how many people have the potential to see their outdoor ad but also how to maximize that reach for the best possible cost-per-thousand impressions (CPM). When combined with other robust out-of-home data capabilities, the impression multiplier significantly enhances DOOH campaign measurement, giving advertisers clearer insights into their audience reach and improving the tracking of cross-channel impact.

In this article, we’ll break down what the impression multiplier is, how it works, and what media buyers can do to leverage it for better return on investment (ROI).

Jump to:

What is the impression multiplier?
How is the DOOH impression multiplier calculated?
How to leverage the impression multiplier for better ROI

What is the impression multiplier?

The impression multiplier is a DOOH-specific metric that’s used to calculate the number of impressions delivered by a particular screen in a single ad play.

A core metric for all forms of advertising — whether digital, mobile, or OOH — impressions are used to measure performance by quantifying the total number of times an advertisement is likely to be seen. Since advertising tends to charge on a per-thousand-impressions basis, impressions also play a crucial role in determining the cost of an ad campaign.

READ ALSO: Solidify your understanding of other important DOOH metrics and learn how they can be used to measure different aspects of your DOOH campaign’s success

Impression attribution is fairly simple in online environments, which mostly operate on a one-to-one (one play = one impression) basis. One-to-many channels like DOOH require a slightly more unique approach when it comes to audience measurement since several people are likely to be looking at a display screen at any given moment.

Enter the impression multiplier: a DOOH-specific multiplication index that’s applied to each play on every individual screen, giving advertisers a more accurate idea of how many impressions are delivered in a single ad play.

Put another way:

# of served impressions (ad plays) x impression multiplier = publisher impressions (audience).

Let’s say a digital billboard plays your ad 10,000 times over a given period. This number represents the served impressions. Now, suppose the impression multiplier for this particular time and location is 4, based on audience data like foot traffic and dwell time.

To calculate the total publisher impressions (or audience):

10,000 served impressions (ad plays) x 4 (impression multiplier) = 40,000 publisher impressions (audience)

In this scenario, your ad would be estimated to have reached an audience of 40,000 people.

How is the DOOH impression multiplier calculated?

Contrary to what some might expect, the DOOH impression multiplier isn’t a standardized formula or static value. Instead, this dynamic multiplier is tailored to each screen, transforming raw plays into more accurate representations of audience impressions based on real-world data provided by media owners. These multipliers adapt to reflect the audience’s presence and engagement, adjusting for the individual nuances of each specific placement.

The audience data used to calculate the impression multiplier for any given DOOH screen typically revolves around the number of people present within the display’s viewing range at various times. Having access to real-time (or relatively real-time) data sources allows the multiplier to align with the actual impressions generated.

Depending on the network, different methods are employed to gather this data, including:

Proprietary survey data: Media owners conduct targeted surveys to understand foot traffic and viewer demographics in specific locations.
Mobile data: Location-based insights, such as anonymized mobile device tracking, provide valuable context about movement patterns near the screen.
Independent research: Third-party research firms like Geopath or Nielsen can be commissioned to validate impression numbers using their own methodologies.
Cameras or sensors integrated with a DOOH platform: Sophisticated tech, like AI-powered cameras or motion sensors, can be integrated with a DOOH analytics platform like Quividi or Linkett to monitor the environment and collect real-time views data on an ongoing basis.

By combining anonymized and privacy-compliant audience data with sophisticated tracking methods, media owners can provide advertisers with a clearer picture of how many people their message truly reaches. This granular approach improves the accuracy of KPIs like reach and CPM, offering media buyers more precise measurement and real-time insights for strategic decision-making.

READ ALSO: Get a better understanding of how to calculate CPM for billboards and other traditional OOH formats

How to leverage the impression multiplier for better ROI

Maximizing ROI in any advertising campaign comes down to two key factors: reaching the right audience and efficiently allocating budget. In the context of DOOH, the impression multiplier is a powerful tool that enables advertisers to optimize both. But how can you leverage this metric to not only improve your DOOH performance but also drive results across an entire omnichannel strategy?

Here are three effective ways to leverage the impression multiplier for better ROI:

1. Optimize audience targeting with data-driven precision

The impression multiplier factors in audience presence, giving you real-time insights into when and where your ads will resonate most. By integrating data on audience demographics and engagement analytics, the multiplier helps you fine-tune your targeting strategies for maximum impact and ROI. This data-driven approach optimizes both the reach and relevance of your campaigns, making every impression count.

2. Integrate the impression multiplier into cross-channel campaigns

(D)OOH has been shown to supercharge the reach of your other advertising channels, with one study finding that OOH amplifies all major media by more than 90%. If you know how many people are actually seeing your DOOH ads, you can better coordinate follow-up touchpoints, like mobile retargeting and social media ads, reinforcing your message and driving conversions for a seamless customer journey.

3. Adjust CPM and bidding strategies in real-time

Programmatic DOOH allows for dynamic, real-time bidding adjustments based on audience fluctuations. Advertisers can fine-tune their cost-per-thousand impressions (CPM) bidding strategies by analyzing how audience numbers fluctuate throughout the day, increasing bids during high-traffic periods and lowering them during off-peak times to ensure optimal exposure and budget allocation.

Suppose you’re running a DOOH campaign for a new sportswear collection at a shopping mall. Traditionally, your ad spend might be spread evenly throughout the day, assuming foot traffic remains constant. However, using insights based on the impression multiplier, you choose to boost ad placements during lunch hours and weekends when foot traffic spikes.

In today’s interconnected world, integrating DOOH with the impression multiplier enhances ad performance and creates a cohesive omnichannel strategy for better ROI. By optimizing targeting, syncing cross-channel efforts, and refining real-time bids, the impression multiplier helps media buyers maximize reach and budget efficiency, driving campaigns to their full potential.

Want to explore more pDOOH optimization strategies?

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